ABSTRACT
Due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 novel coronavirus, the restrictions on population entry and exit have resulted in most elderly people staying at home alone, causing them a lot of inconvenience. Aiming at the problem that the elderly living alone at home may cause various diseases due to negative emotions but cannot be detected and solved in time, a method of detecting the facial expressions of the elderly is proposed to determine whether the elderly need timely care. YOLOX is the latest generation of YOLO series target detectors released by Megvii Technology in July 2021. It adopts the latest technology in the industry in recent years and surpasses existing similar products in performance and accuracy. If the YOLOX detector can be applied to the health monitoring of the elderly living alone under the current epidemic situation, it will be of great significance to improve detection rate and accuracy of detection and reduce labor costs. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) guidelines serve to protect health care providers and patients from harmful biohazards. With the rise of COVID-19, many institutions have mandated strictly enforced endoscopic PPE guidelines. We currently do not know how practitioners perceive these mandates or how they will influence their practice in the long term. We aimed to study the PPE practices among endoscopists across Canada and compare their perceived differences in practice between the pre- and postpandemic eras. Methods: A 74-item questionnaire was emailed from June 2020 to September 2020 to all members of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology and the Canadian Association of General Surgeons through monthly newsletters. The survey was created by expert consensus and distributed using REDCap. Survey questions collected basic demographic characteristics of Canadian endoscopists and differences between PPE practices before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A total of 77 respondents completed the survey, with the majority of respondents aged 40-49 years (34 [44.2%]) and identifying as gastroenterologists (54 [70.1%]). There was an even split in terms of sex: (38 women [49.4%], 39 men [50.6%]). In the prepandemic era, the majority of endoscopists wore gowns (91.0-93.9%) and all endoscopists wore gloves (100%). However, the majority of endoscopists did not wear surgical masks (20.9%-31.3%), N95 respirators (1.5%-3.2%), face shields (13.4%-33.9%), eye protection (13.4%-21.3%) or hair protection (11.1%-12.5%). In the postpandemic era, endoscopists reported a plan to dramatically change their prepandemic practices and adopt current PPE mandates. Overall, the top 3 PPE changes endoscopists reported implementing were increasing routine use of surgical masks (50.6%-61.0%), face shields (32.5%-46.8%) and hair protection (32.5%-36.4%). Endoscopists also reported a plan to change gowns more frequently (13.0%-19.5%). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the attitudes of many endoscopists regarding future PPE use in routine endoscopy. Ongoing studies comparing the rates of transmission of hospital-acquired infections in the setting of endoscopy are needed to develop a new postpandemic PPE consensus.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this presentation is to report accomplishments of a 3-year [5/1/2018-4/30/2021] Bristol-Meyers Squibb Foundation-funded collaboration between UC Davis and the Health and Life Organization (HALO), a Federally Qualified Health Center Look-Alike in increasing cancer screenings and cancer prevention/control behaviors among Asian Americans. HALO was selected for this study becuase it is the largest health system serving Asian Americans in Sacramento Co., CA. About one-third of their patients (9000) are Asian [primarily Hmong and other SE Asains). The hypothesis we tested was based on UC Davis's prior completed research that bilingual/bicultural Hmong lay health workers significantly increased screenings for HBV and colorectal cancer screening in randomized controlled community trials among Asians who largely had limited English proficiency. Our premise was to apply this concept to a clinical setting through HALO's bilingual/bicultural medical assistants (MAs). By comparing baseline (prior to the initiation of our funding) to 3 years of collaboration, we observed an overall 13.3% increase (surpassing our 10% goal) in cancer screenings & prevention/control behaviors. The largest percentage increases were in mammography (20.3%), colorectal cancer screening (11.6%), and Pap tests (7.9%).vaccination (2.8%). Since this was our first collaboration, much was shared through our monthly UCD-HALO leadership meetings where adjustments were made. A major adjustment was to learn that the electronic health systems used by community health centers such as HALO were not intended for reseearch purposes. While primary care provider time was less flexible, we found that MAs who reflect the HALO patient population were very receptive to training. We provided training through 10 Saturday academies, in-person and later delivered virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic. All of the topics related to the above metrics as well as other topics such as cultural competence, resources for patients, and optimizing patient workflows. Effectiveness of these academies were documented through gains in average scores from pre-tests [58%] to post-tests [84%] and qualitative feedback. Fifity-eight participants attended. More rigorous evaluation approaches to link our efforts to the impact of our work would have been preferred, but would have needed to be more resource-intensive. However, we anticipate that the equipping of MAs in new competencies and tools we provided for patients in various languages as infographics will be the bases for sustained effectiveness. Another measure of success was that this collaborative contributed to the receipt of a major Federal grant to eliminate perinatal HBV transmission through HALO. A UC Davis You-Tube style interactive modules as refresher materials and for new MAs will be another means of sustaining impact.
ABSTRACT
Objective: ·To explore the reliability and validity of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) in evaluating pandemic-related acute stress reaction. Methods: ·From 31 January 2020 to 29 February 2020, CPDI, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Self-reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) were measured in 253 outpatients, their family members and medical staff of our hospital. At the same time, leveraging the Siuvo Intelligent Psychological Assessment Platform, we presented QR codes of the CPDI questionnaire online openly, accessible to the participants nationwide, and received a total of 75 867 valid responses. Cronbach's α coefficient was used to evaluate the internal consistency. The correlation between CPDI and PHQ-9, GAD-7 and SRQ-20 was used to test the criterion validity. Exploratory factor analysis was used to detect the structural validity and the cut-off score of the questionnaire to screen the psychological symptoms associated with COVID-19 was also detected. Results: ·The Cronbach's α of the 15-item questionnaire was 0.932. The correlation coefficients between the 15-item CPDI and PHQ-9, GAD-7 and SRQ-20 were 0. 670, 0.699 and 0.711 respectively (all P=0.000). The exploratory factor analysis results contained 15 items and 4 factors, the factor load was 0.491-0.681, and the cumulative variance interpretation rate was 72.006%. In terms of cut-off score, it was identified as suspicious symptom by cut-off score of 10/11 points. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.822 and 0.811, respectively. The cut-off score to confirm the presence of symptoms was 14/15 points. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.815 and 0.824, respectively. Conclusion: ·The study indicates that CPDI is with good internal consistency reliability, criterion validity and structural validity.
ABSTRACT
This paper explores US residents’ opinion regarding whether to reopen for the economy or to continue lockdown for public health safety concerns, by analysing 1.3 million unique COVID-19-related tweets that are collected from March 11, 2020, through June 8, 2020. Tweets are classified into three classes: 1) in favour of reopening the USA for the economy;2) in favour of continuing lockdown for public health safety concerns;3) neutral tweets (providing facts rather than opinions). Gradient boosting classifier algorithm with the accuracy of 88% outperformed other classifiers, (i.e., logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, neutral network and multinomial naïve Bayes) used in this study. The result shows that US residents are becoming more concerned about the economic impacts of the lockdowns, and they are more in favour of reopening the economy as time passes. Managerial implications and directions for future research are discussed based on the state-by-state details of US residents’ opinions and their trends over time. Copyright © 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
ABSTRACT
Community detection is an important research field in the understanding of networks. The definition of network communities focuses on denser intracommunity links and sparpser intercommunity links. It cannot explain the fundamental generation mechanisms of the two types of links, which is challenging to reveal. Unfortunately, none of existing works can solve this challenge which is important for accurately modeling community structures. This paper investigates a typical category of networks which possess contents on links. Based on analyses of real networks, we get an observation that nodes with distinctive personality regarding content topics are more active across communities, while nodes without it are more active inside a community, behaving in a similar way known as homophily. This observation provides clues to the generation of intracommunity and intercommunity links. Based on above observation, this paper proposes a novel generative community detection model called GHIPT (Group Homophily and Individual Personality of Topics) by integrating group homophily and individual personality of topics. Besides deriving more precise community results by accurately modeling intracommunity and intercommunity links, GHIPT is able to identify those nodes with distinctive personality who are more willing to interact with others from different communities. It further validates that they change their community memberships more frequently. GHIPT is evaluated on two real networks, i.e., Reddit and DBLP. Experimental results show that it outperforms all the state-of-the-art baselines. In addition to case studies on above two datasets, a case study on COVID-19 dataset provides new insights to support the ongoing fight against COVID-19 pandemic. © 2020 IEEE.